Varicose veins are a disease in which they stretch and reduce the elasticity of the walls.The disease occurs as a result of impaired outflow from the veins; most often the disease is localized in the lower extremities.This is the most common pathological condition that occurs with vascular diseases.It occurs several times more often in women than in men.
Varicose veins can appear in women with dilatation of the pelvic veins, in men in the form of varicocele, and in any person in the form of hemorrhoids.Often pregnancy is a provoking factor in the development of this condition, since changes in blood rheology towards thickening, as well as increased pressure of the uterus on the pelvic veins, increase venous stagnation.
The disease develops as a result of incompetence of the venous valves, changes in the vascular wall (its expansion, decreased elasticity).
How do varicose veins manifest?
This pathological process does not begin completely suddenly, but at first the symptoms of varicose veins are not typical and can be attributed to ordinary fatigue.Overflowing of the veins with blood is accompanied by a feeling of heaviness in the legs, and fatigue when walking and standing for long periods of time develops faster than before.
At this stage, treatment and prevention of the disease is most effective, but many do not pay attention to this, so they most often go to see a doctor in already severely advanced cases.
The formation of vascular networks in the form of “stars” or “bundles” begins to cause some discomfort, since in addition to increased fatigue and the appearance of swelling, many women are concerned about the very fact that the appearance of the legs becomes less aesthetic.
Stagnation of blood in the vessels does not go away on its own, so the disease begins to progress.As a result, swelling becomes more pronounced, it does not disappear after taking a horizontal position, muscle pain appears, and metabolic disorders lead to the development of cramps in the legs, especially characteristic of this disease, the skin of the legs dries out and becomes irritated.
At the same time, veins begin to protrude, which are clearly visible under the skin, like blue strands, some of them change shape, becoming denser and more convoluted.The patient is concerned about changes in skin color and itching.If phlebitis occurs, the vein swells, becomes harder, and the skin in this area turns red.
With varicose veins in the pelvis, pain most often occurs in the very lower abdomen, which is characterized by intensification when lifting heavy objects, before the onset of menstruation, and during sexual intercourse.All these situations lead to blood flow and increased congestion.The provoking factor for the development of varicose veins of the small pelvis is pregnancy and childbirth.
Features of circulatory disorders in the deep veins
Some people think that varicose veins are just a cosmetic defect that causes trouble only for the fair sex, but this is not so.The main outflow of blood from the legs to the heart passes through the deep veins, so this pathology does not always manifest itself in the form of external changes.
The manifestations of the disease, with a predominance of such a phenomenon as deep vein varicose veins, are no different from other variants of the disease - heaviness in the legs appears, swelling develops, which intensifies as the pathological changes progress, and later a change in the color of the skin and the development of trophic ulcers in the affected area occur.
There are cases when varicose veins of the deep veins of the lower extremities develop secondarily, as a result of stagnation in all veins, since disturbances in the outflow in the superficial vessels cause increased stress on the superficial vessels.
Treatment and therapy
Treatment of varicose veins can be therapeutic and surgical.In a conservative way, you can alleviate the condition if changes in the veins are not too pronounced; for this, there are venotonics, ointments and gels for topical use.All this is combined with wearing compression hosiery.
Surgical methods include many methods of radical relief for severe varicose veins.This includes phlebectomy, crossectomy, and vein extraction.Among modern methods, endoscopic vein surgery is practiced.